把握機會,擁抱生命的意義:大眾禪修 之《佛子行三十七頌》開示 第二期

大眾禪修之《佛子行三十七頌》開示第二期開始前,阿闍黎拉帕策林恭請諸位同修一起發無上殊勝的菩提心,並静坐修持止禪

根基:誠摯的慈悲之心

在完成止禪練習後,正式開始本次《佛子行三十七頌》學習前, 阿闍黎指導我們這部經典闡述了大乘佛法的修行道路。修持大乘佛法意味著尋求徹底的覺悟或成就圓滿的佛果,以此解脫自己及一切有情眾生。

正如佛祖釋迦牟尼在經文中所教導地,通往這一境界的唯一方法是慈悲與愛心。二者是修持其他任何法門的唯一基礎。什麼是誠摯的慈悲之心?阿闍黎援引其上師竹慶本樂仁波切的解釋:「 (慈悲之心)是一種真誠的關懷和願意在必要時付出自己的一切,以消除有情眾生之苦。」 (引自: https://www.shambhala.com/snowlion_articles/entering-the-trainings-in-compassion/)

這種利他心是菩薩道修行者不可或缺的基礎。繼上週討論的兩句開篇頌文之後,我們開始研習第一種修行的頌文:暇滿人身難得,必當把握良機。

暇滿人身:稀有之機

這段頌文在兩行文字中指出了第一種菩提道修行是關於暇滿人身難得:

「已獲暇滿大舟時,為自他渡輪迴海」

– (中文譯文引自索達吉堪布《佛子行釋》

阿闍黎解釋說,根據這部經典,一個人類的出生本身並不完全被視為珍貴難得。只有當具備解脫自己和諸有情眾生脫離輪迴的潛力或能力時,才算得上珍貴。這與經典中提到的「閒暇與圓滿」相關,這些內容在《解脫寶鬘論》中由岡波巴大師開示。現在,阿闍黎說我們可以將其理解為修行佛法的機會——不僅是為了自己渡過輪迴之海,還如同「大船」的比喻,能夠容納許多其他有情眾生共渡。

將我們所擁有的暇滿人身視為幫助自己和他人從痛苦中解脫的機會,意味著我們必須好好把握它。為什麼?因為這個機會難得而易失,誰知道我們何時還能再次擁有這樣的良機?因此,對於一個具備誠摯的慈悲之心——菩提心的人來說,問題就變成了:我們該如何把握這個機會呢?

把握機遇還是錯失良機

阿闍黎解釋說,這首偈頌的最後兩句向我們揭示了如何把握這一難得的機會,從輪迴的苦海中解脫自己和一切眾生:

「日日夜夜不懈怠,聞思修持佛子行」

– (中文譯文引自索達吉堪布《佛子行釋》

阿闍黎在開示中提到,「無散亂」指的是一種輪迴中的懈怠形式。這種懈怠可能表現為無所作為,也可能是沉溺於身、語、意的非善行為。當這種輪迴的散亂成為習慣時,我們可能會墮入三惡道或痛苦的境界。一旦墮入這些境界,我們將在那裡停留很長時間,無法獲得珍貴人身所需的「暇滿資糧」。這就意味著,機會叩響了門,但我們錯過了它。

經文中提到要「日夜」無散亂地修行。難道這意味著我們完全不能休息嗎?阿闍黎對此分享說,他認為經文的意思可能並非如此,而是建議我們要持續不斷地精進努力。

因此,為了實現自身與其他眾生從輪迴之海中解脫的目的,菩薩道修習者該如何做?作者在文中明確教導我們應當聽聞,思維,以及禪修。阿闍黎在此強調了聞思修的重要性。

首先,我們聆聽或學習佛陀在經典中的教法,以及大德們的註釋和論典,這能幫助我們消除無明黑暗。然而,我們不能僅止步於此。正如釋迦牟尼佛所教導的,我們應像金匠檢驗黃金那樣,通過加熱、切割和摩擦來驗證其真實性。同樣,我們通過思維和深入研討佛法,來消除任何疑惑和含混之處。

最後,我們要進行禪修。阿闍黎分享道,我們經常聽到禪修的重要性,雖然禪修確實重要,但關鍵還是要明白禪修的核心意義:「將通過聽聞和思維所得的理解付諸實踐,將我們所學或所修的內容內化,這才是禪修的真諦。」

阿闍黎評論道,總而言之,要從輪迴的苦海中解脫自己和其他眾生,實現這一偉大責任,我們需要通過聽聞、思維和禪修來實現。這就是菩薩道的修行。

擁抱生命的意義

很多人會探尋生命意味著什麼,或者生命的目的又是什麼。阿闍黎說這段經文解答了這些疑問。與其追問生命的意義與目的,我們其實可以問:「如何使生活充滿意義,並賦予它一個目標?」 這一問題在本段經文中是這樣回答的:通過聽聞、思維和禪修佛法教義,並修行菩薩道——即大乘之道

前面我們提到的閒暇與圓滿指的是八閒暇與十圓滿。其中提及了欲界中各種類型的投生,從地獄眾生一直到天界的天人 雖然現代科學已經帶領我們已經發現了像火星和土星這樣的行星,但卻沒有找到地獄道、餓鬼道等類似的存在。因此,許多人詢問阿闍黎這些界如果確實存在,它們究竟在哪裡。

《解脫寶鬘論》以及《俱舍論》中詳細講述了這些界位於何處。然而,阿闍黎指出如果試圖將這些當作具體的實在境界去尋找,就會誤解其真正的意義。這些經典都指出,我們投生到特定的境界,是由特定的煩惱(kleśa,指擾亂情緒或心理障礙)所致。例如,由於強烈的嗔恨,我們會墮入某種地獄道。「我們不需要真正投生到地獄道才能理解它。每當我們經歷類似強烈嗔恨這樣的煩惱時,地獄界就在那里,在我們自身之中。」 這種煩惱不僅會燒傷自己,還會傷害他人;因此,我們無需到別處去尋找這些境界——它們就在我們自身的體驗之中。

阿闍黎繼續他的講解,強調說我們必須明白佛陀的教導是要求我們調伏並且訓練我們的心。這也就意味著我們不應當向外尋求地獄道,餓鬼道以及其他諸道。所有關於此的教法,都是為了調伏和訓練我們的心。這是最重要、最關鍵的要點。所以,如果我們仔細思考這些不同境界的概念,它們實際上是與我們煩惱情緒或紛擾心緒的修煉有關。所有的教法都是關於如何調伏並且訓練我們的內心。這是最重要,最關鍵的一點。

作為本次開示的總結,阿闍黎再次提到,第二節的經文所講述的是暇滿人身難得。如何使這一生富有意義?通過聽聞、思維、和禪修佛法。如同岡波巴所教,這並不是一個逐一進行的過程,雖然這樣做也是好的,但應當是一個融合的修行方式。我們不斷在這三種菩薩修行——聽聞、思維、禪修——之間往復進行。

隨後阿闍黎帶領大家完成本次學習的迴向:將我們在此次修行和學習中所積累的任何功德與善行,迴向給一切有情眾生。



Karma Rigpai Lhamo譯 Ella Peng校對

Fourth Story Update: James Gimian Shares His [Video] Recollections About His Holiness the 16th Karmapa

“The 16th Gyalwang Karmapa seldom gave Dharma teachings through words but taught intensively through physical gestures and tamed beings through his mere presence. One of his major activities was to liberate all those who saw him … so there is undoubtedly great value in any visual connection made with him.”*

— His Holiness the 17th Gyalwang Karmapa

During this difficult time of the global coronavirus pandemic, we can find solace and inspiration by seeing images, watching videos, and perhaps recalling one’s own experience of His Holiness the 16th Karmapa. His spontaneous and joyous actions benefited beings wherever and in whatever way conditions permitted, despite any obstacles. 

We are pleased to present a way to visually connect with the 16th Karmapa by sharing photographs and videos about him. Contemplating his life and the lives of other lineage masters can benefit our mind stream and help us find the courage to open our hearts as we move through distressing times. When we benefit ourselves in this way, we are better equipped to support others both directly and indirectly.

We hope these offerings about His Holiness are indeed uplifting and an inspiration for yourself, your family, friends, colleagues and communities. We will soon include new ways to share acts of kindness so that those positive actions may ripple outward to be felt far and wide.  

This week’s video features James Gimian, who first became involved with Buddhism in 1972, as a student of Chogyam Trungpa Rinpoche. Two years later, he held a lead role during His Holiness the 16th Karmapa’s first visit to the United States for the ten day Dharma Festival in San Francisco, in 1974. In the video interview Mr. Gimian, who is the publisher of Mindful Magazine, describes how His Holiness was a vital catalyst for introducing Buddhism to the West by facilitating “the diaspora of the teachings coming to the west.” 

Knowing that His Holiness was instrumental in the blossoming of Buddhism in Western culture, Mr. Gimian also recognizes how the Stupa in Wadsworth, in the Heartland of America, will serve as “ground zero for the dharma becoming deeply rooted in North American soil.” 

The story of His Holiness’ positive influences on those who cared for him at the end of his life in Illinois, reminds us of the power we all have to make a difference in the lives of others and vice versa. It made us think with tremendous gratitude and prayers for the safety of the millions of brave and selfless pandemic healthcare workers around the world. We can also follow His Holiness’ example and express gratitude, kindness, joy, generosity, and compassion in our everyday interactions regardless of challenging circumstances. We can be the positive change we all long for.

We give great thanks to everyone who has generously donated to help bring this vision to fruition by supporting our campaign for the Stupa. While the campaign will continue through June, we understand that making a donation is not possible for many at this time. Should you be able to give or feel moved to support the campaign at any point, your gift will be gratefully received.

We wish you all good health and well being, and look forward to sharing more about His Holiness with you next week.

*Excerpted from Dharma King: The Life of the 16th Karmapa in Images

James Gimian shares the significance of His Holiness the 16th Karmapa’s visits to North America. Video produced by Sam Scoggins. (Click on photo to view video)